The Education Systems Essay Example for Free

The Education Systems Essay Pre-school and pre-primary education in Lithuania, in the United Kingdom and in the USA have several things in common.. First, both education systems are available in three countries and also pre-school education is not compulsory. There are public and private pre-schools in three countries. Public pre-schools are those which are run by the government. Private pre-schools are those which are run by private organizations, for which parents have to pay fees. Many private pre-schools have a high reputation and parents send their children there so that they will have advantages later in life. There are nursery schools for children from the age of 1 to 3 years in Lithuania. Children from the age of 3 till 6 attend a kindergarten. The number of children in nursery schools is approximately 10 children and approximately 15 children in a kindergarten, whereas the number of children in the USA and in Great Britain is approximately 2-3 little children or 4-5 bigger children plus nursery-governor’s help. Another difference is about security in pre-school institutions. People who come in a kindergarten or nursery school are not registered. By contrast, people who come in a nursery school or a kindergarten are strictly registered in the USA and in Great Britain. Your driving licence or passport is taken and you get permission to be in a pre-school institution. The kindergartens and nursery schools in Lithuania also differs in their cost compared to cost of these pre-schools institutions in the United Kingdom and in the Usa because it is cheaper to let your children to Lithuanian kindergarten than to American or English kindergarten. Differently from Lithuania children under 5 receive pre-school education in Great Britain. Some go to playgroups several times a week and take part in structured play (play with some educational purpose) with other children of the same age. Others go to a nursery school or to the nursery department or kindergarten of a school. Children attend day nurseries until they are 6 months old the same as in Lithuania. Day nurseries take care of children activity, self-expression, security. Nursery-governors take care of children education and upbringing. The emphasis is on group work, creative activity and guided play. Day nurseries are divided into private and community. Fees in the communities are not so big as in the day nurseries. Some of the community nurseries give parents discounts according to their financial position. The working time is very different in day nurseries of Great Britain, for example, local authority pre-schools work until 15 a. m. The other pre-school institutions work from 7 till 19. All kindergartens work all year except public holidays in Great Britain meanwhile not all kindergartens work all year in Lithuania. In the same way, children attend nursery schools, day care or pre-school from an early age in the USA. Children are taught, trained in the nursery schools and in the kindergartens. Nursery-governors play with children. There are some requirements in order that your child would be inducted to kindergarten, for example, it is required children to be toilet trained and your child is not ready for the potty, they may not let him or her attend a kindergarten, but children are not required to be toilet trained in Lithuania. In the USA parents may also have to pay high fees for late pickups and end up having to stay home with their child if the pre-school says she or he is too sick to be there. Another difference is that parents can freely choose which nursery school or kindergarten their child is going to attend in Lithuania, but in the USA all children should go to nursery school or kindergarten according to their living place because there are brought under districts. All children go according to district which he or she belongs to. If parents think that their district’s nursery school or kindergarten is not as good as it should be, parents must change the living place in order that their children could go to a better pre-school institution. Pre-primary education content is similar in three countries. There a wide variety of fun activities – including singing, dancing, arts and crafts, storytelling, free play, and both indoor and outdoor games and projects – designed to teach children different skills. Cildren may also learn some academic basics such as counting and the alphabet. Children in Lithuania start to attend pre-primary institution at the age of 6, but if parents want and their child is grown enough pre-primary institution can be attend at the age of 5, while the majority of children start to attend pre-primary preparation lessons at the age of 2-5 in the United Kingdom. Also the government’s programme which is named â€Å"sureStart† gives the possibility to all children from the age of 3 to 4 to get pre-primary lessons free of charge in a kindergarten. Differently from Lithuania children at the age of 6 start to attend a school in the USA. Taking everything into account, I can note that pre-school and pre-primary education has several things in common in The United Kingdom, in the USA, and in the Lithuania, but on the other hand there are a lot of differencies.

Embryonic Stem Cell Research Essay -- use of stem cells in regenerativ

Advancements in medical technology has allowed for a new understanding of stem cells and further developments in research. The use of stem cells in regenerative medicine may hold significant benefits for those suffering from degenerative diseases. To avail such advancements in stem cell research could see the alleviation or complete cure of afflictions that take the lives of millions worldwide each year. (McLaren, 2001) A stem cell 1 is able differentiate into any somatic cell found in the human body, including those identical to itself. Differentiation is a cellular process whereby a stem cell will divide into a specialised cell, for example a neuron2. To harness the unique cellular function of a stem cell could mean the cultivation of entirely new organs; saving countless lives and resolving acute organ transplant shortages. (Healey, 2007) Although stem cell research poses a considerable breakthrough in regenerative medicine, it raises serious ethical controversy. A specific type of stem cell used in regenerative research is an embryonic stem (ES) cell; harvested through the destruction of human embryos. (Hurlbut, 2006) This poses a significant ethical dilemma, as ES cells are sourced from pre-implantation embryos leftover from In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF). The destruction of embryos is seen by many as an abuse of human life, an exploitation of those that are living, but cannot decide their own fate. (Masters, 2005) Before ES cell research is to make a positive impact on modern medicine and the global scientific co mmunity, this ethical predicament must first be considered. Embryonic stem cell research will allow for an emerging era of medicine, where researches will be capable of providing a cure for many of todays degene... ...velopment, Monash University, Australia Fuchs, E 2008, Stem Cells: Biology, Ethics and Potential for Medicine, L'annuarie du College de France, France Denker, H 2006, Potentiality of Embryonic Stem Cells: An Ethical Problem Even With Alternative Stem Cell Sources, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany Scott, C 2008, Stem Cells: new frontiers of ethics, law and policy, Stanford University, United States of America Healey, J 2007, Cloning & Stem Cell Research, Volume 265 edn, The Spinney Press, Sydney, Australia Morgan, S 2006, From Microscopes to Stem Cell Research: discovering regenerative medicine, White-Thomson Publishing, Oxford, United Kingdom Dowswell, P 2000, Genetics: the impact on our lives, Hodder & Wayland, London, United Kingdom Maters, C 2005, DNA and your body: what you need to know about biotechnology, UNSW Press, Sydney, Australia

“Barkley Fully Supports NBA`s New Dress Code”

This argument is intended to show that Charles Barkley, a major star in the National Basketball Association (NBA), supports the unpopular dress code then-recently established by the league. The writer intends to show that the dress code has support among the players and that there are good reasons to support the code.The writer apparently wants the reader to understand that 1) some basketball players support this new rule, 2) that the manner in which people dress can make a difference in their lives, and 3) that some professional athletes can and do act as role models to their young fans.2. The occasion for the argument is both present and future. The first occasion arises from the ongoing argument that athletes should be role models for their fans, of which the dress code is a part. The second occasion for the argument is future, in that the present change that the author would like to effect would have an effect at a future date. 3. This article argues fact, evaluation, and proposa l. It argues fact by describing the actual dress code and the evidence of the other basketball players’ behavior in response to it.It evaluates that behavior and the probable effect that inappropriate dress might have on teens. Finally, it proposes different behaviors for basketball players as a group. 4. The target audience for this article appears to be basketball fans, particularly teenagers and their parents. 5. This article makes appeals from of logos and ethos. The author argues logically, stating cause and effect in terms of both how basketball players’ examples have an effect on their fans and 2) how an individual dresses affects other people’s perception.In addition, it argues using ethos when the author describes the words and actions of Julius Irving and of Jay Leno. 6. Charles Barkley is making the argument, which the author is reporting. Because Barkley is a basketball player himself, he appears to be reliable and to make a valid argument. 7. The au thor attempts to make himself appear trustworthy by interviewing Charles Barkley for his article. In addition, he provides illustrations of other basketball players, possibly to indicate that he knows–or at least knows of–the players of which he writes.8. Because Barkley was a basketball star and is currently employed as a TNT commentator, his words are already have authority. In addition, the author cites Julius Irving, the tape of the Jay Leno show, and the facts and figures involved in Barkley’s charitable work and business. 9. The arguments made do not define what the â€Å"appropriate† forms of dress might be, either according to the dress code or according to society. Nor does the argument define what it means to dress like a basketball player, as opposed to what it means to dress like other people.In addition, the author does not describe how Charles Barkley himself dresses. 10. There is some attempt to argue the dress code from a racial perspectiv e. However, a better argument that is also touched on is that young fans look up to professional athletes, who should provide good examples for them. The argument attempts to serve the interests of the fans, but professional athletes also gain from it by their increased credibility in the eyes of the public if they dress â€Å"appropriately. † 11. The argument is framed by the discussion of the filming of the Jay Leno segment.It is arranged as a story within a story, in which the author discusses a conversation that takes place during the event that he describes in the opening of the article. 12. The language of the article is straightforward and simple and addresses a topic that the audience cares about. It appeals to the audience by making its points in an easy to understand fashion. Work Cited Stewart, Larry. â€Å"Barkley Fully Supports NBA’s New Dress Code. † Name of Textbook, Editor name (ed. ). City of Publication: Publishing House, date. 729-730.

Jake Beidler. Mrs. Voshell. Honors English 10. 5 May 2017.

Jake Beidler Mrs. Voshell Honors English 10 5 May 2017 The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, more like The Tragedy of Brutus The Tragedy of Julius Caesar is one of the better known, yet lesser understood theater installments by William Shakespeare in the Sixteenth Century. The play was first performed September 21, 1599 in the Globe Theatre in London, England. In the play there are many different and unique characters, some complex, some simple. Marcus Junius Brutus the Younger, better known as Brutus, is one of the characters in the play and the protagonist of the play. Brutus is introduced fairly early in the play, Act I, Scene II to be specific. Brutus is one of the characters on the more complex side. Shakespeare developed the character of†¦show more content†¦Brutus aids the conspirators in the assassination of Julius Caesar because he believes it is for the good of Rome. In the end he realizes that the other conspirators had killed Caesar for a dishonorable reason and he has been tricked into killing one of his lifelong friends. T he decision created a butterfly effect on Rome and ultimately Brutus’ life. This is Brutus’ catastrophe; Caesar’s death. Brutus is one of the more complex character in Shakespeare’s play, The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. Shakespeare added a lot of complexity to Brutus through dialogue, monologue, and soliloquy. Shakespeare created opposing desires in Brutus and created both hesitation and doubt. His major back-and-forth conflict is him trying to give himself an honorable reason for killing Caesar. He is manipulated by Cassius and the other conspirators into assassinating Caesar, a life-long friend of Brutus. â€Å"The ultimate factor in persuading Brutus to join the conspiracy is his belief, a belief based on the the letters cast in at his window or conspicuously left for him in public places† (Shalvi 71). When Caesar was attacked by the conspirators, it had been Brutus’ blade and betrayal that had finally killed him. During the beginning and the end of the play, Brutus struggled to accept that killing Caesar was not what he wanted to do. In his head, Brutus is content that he killed Caesar for the good of Rome. In a speech to Romans after Caesar’s death he says, â€Å"Not that I loved Caesar less, but

Free Online Computer Courses for Adults

Whether you are new to the computer or just want to brush up on your skills, you can find free computer classes online to meet your needs. Through them, you can work through tutorials, which is a great way to practice computer skills you can use every day at home or at work. Entry-Level Computer Classes There are numerous computer classes designed for beginners; they cover a variety of topics, from email and web browsing to word processing and graphic design. GCFLearnFree:  This treasure trove of free classes is designed for all computer owners, whether youre a PC, Mac, or Linux fan. Free classes cover email, internet browsing, and Mac and Windows basics. For more advanced users, there are free classes in social media, cloud storage, image editing, and mobile devices that bring you up to date with the most recent hardware and software.Alison:  ALISON ABC IT is a free online information technology  course that teaches everyday computing as it relates to work and life. The course focuses on Microsoft Office  applications and touch typing. Topics include computer software and hardware, file management, IT safety, email, and word processing. The program takes 15 to 20 hours to complete, and a score of 80% or more in each of the course assessments qualifies you for a self-certification from Alison.Home and Learn: All the free online tutorials at the Home and Learn site are aimed toward complete beginners—you dont need any experi ence to get started. Tutorials cover Windows XP, Windows 7, and Windows 10, and several courses cover dealing with spyware. Their Beginners Guide to Going Wireless addresses all the basics, including routers, necessary supplies, and safety.Free-ed: Free-ed offers a  comprehensive collection  of free e-books, courses, and tutorials. Subjects include computer programming, operating systems, database operations, and web scripting, and as well as more advanced topics like design, networking, communications, game design, animation, and virtual reality.Meganga: Meganga provides free basic computer training for beginners and seniors. The video tutorials cover computer basics, Windows, troubleshooting, Word, Outlook, and other topics. Intermediate and Advanced Computer Classes Once youve mastered the basics, you may wish to explore more advanced computer applications, including program design, data analysis, and cybersecurity. FutureLearn: This site offers hundreds of free online courses from top universities and other organizations. These classes last up to several weeks each and are suitable for intermediate and advanced computer users. Topics include robotics, social media, digital accessibility, managing your identity, searching and researching, and cybersecurity.Coursera: Coursera also features a long list of free courses from universities, as well as renowned institutions like IBM. Computer and technology subjects range from coding languages to data science and machine learning.

How Social Media Has Changed My Role As A Nursing Student...

In this assessment I will explore and examine; what it means to be a health professional in a global environment. Furthermore, I will demonstrate a range of literacies that inform health care and practice. I will also briefly describe how I currently use and engage with social media and technology as well as how my use of social media will change my role as a nursing student and future health care professional. I will be discussing guidelines and code of conducts created by various corporations. I will then finally conclude my findings by discussing my discoveries and understanding of the use of social media. In this assignment I will be examining secondary sources such as books, articles, peer reviewed journals, and textbooks. In this society, people are becoming too dependent on technology. I believe technology is a very important communication method for health care professionals. The downfall of technology is the fact that it is always upgrading or changing, meaning there is cons tant alterations within medical units. It has become clear that technology is fluctuating how the health professionals communicate to one another and associate with their clients (Benedikt Ley, Corinna Ogonowski, Jes Hess, Time Reichling, Lin Wan Volker Wulf, 2013, p. 1). Being a health care professional means as an individual and by the rules of the Stripling Model of inquiry, your expectations are to provide purpose and meaning to everyday life and care, performing by both ethic andShow MoreRelatedAssessment Of Reflective Report On The Health Of A University Nursing Student And A Future Registered Nurse1260 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper will outline what it means to be a health professional in a global environment and to demonstrate health care practise. It will also inform what the responsibilities as a University Nursing Student and a future Registered Nurse (RN) interaction with social media. Dr Lynette Cusack RN, from the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, positions social media as; â€Å"Individuals and organisations are embracing user-generated content, such as social networking, personal websites, discussion forumsRead MoreReflections in Nursing3087 Words   |  13 PagesRunning Head: SANTOS A Reflection Paper on Various Nursing Roles NU420 Trends in Nursing College of Nursing and Health Sciences A Reflection Paper on Various Nursing Roles Introduction As an individual reaches the stage where they come to a decision about what they want to be in life, they must look deep inside themselves. They have to reflect on what is important to them and what makes them happy. In addition, one must take into consideration the resources that are available to help theRead MoreKnowledge, Attitudes And Cultural Competence Of Caring For Lgbt Community3089 Words   |  13 PagesLGBT Community Submitted by: Bhakti Amin ID Number: 4209426 Presented to: Professor Dustin Gibson July 30, 2015 NURS1258 Professional Growth Assumptions before I Watched Documentary Before I watched the â€Å"Bridegroom† documentary released in 2013, my assumptions for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, or Questioning are sex orientation (LGBTQ) community were not clear how the world view them. I was thinking that even though many people have negative attitude in compare to positive attitudeRead MoreThe Importance Of Respect As A Registered Nurse2128 Words   |  9 Pagesperson I am today. Working in the healthcare system as a Registered Nurse, I have changed my belief about respect I believe respect should be given to everyone regardless if I think they have deserved it. I must admit, I can be quick to judge sometimes, but I feel as though knowing I have these flaws is something I am willing to challenge myself to strive for better. I believe that respect is very important in every social structure, especially when working with Indigenous people and their communitiesRead MoreThe Management Of Nurses Inu.s Hospitals2880 Words   |  12 PagesI. Intro duction In regards to Health Care Organizations, I focused on the western medical culture, more specifically the management of nurses in U.S hospitals. I have sustained a passion about nursing for the majority of my life and as years have passed, I always thought that nurses had sole responsibility for their workload and the success of their medical unit. After close research, it has come to my attention that managers have a significant influence on the quality of service that a nurse providesRead MoreNursing Essay41677 Words   |  167 PagesThe Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12956.html Committee on the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Initiative on the Future of Nursing, at the Institute of Medicine PREPUBLICATION COPY: UNCORRECTED PROOFS Copyright  © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12956.html THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001 Read MoreThe Advent Of The Information Technology Age1788 Words   |  8 Pagesinformation technology age has changed how everyone does business. From the start to the finish, from the hiring to the creation and delivery of the products and services-information technology and social media has become an integral part of how people make their companies function. Telecommuting, storing of information in virtual storage areas called â€Å"clouds,† and the ever-present sharing of ideas and information and transactions between people and companies have changed the way futures are built and professionsRead MoreHealth and Social Care Essay14559 Words   |  59 PagesR/602/2954 Understand Employment Responsibilities and Rights in Health, Social Care or Children and Young People’s Settings Workbook for Employment Rights and Responsibilities The Workbook Purpose – The purpose of the workbook is to support you the learner in gathering and recording evidence towards your LAO Level 2 Award in Employment Rights and Responsibilities in Health and Social Care or Children and Young People’s Settings. Content – ThisRead More‚Äà ºa Contemporary View on Health Care System in Bangladesh.‚Äà ¹14806 Words   |  60 PagesContemporary view on Health Care System in Bangladesh’’ is the outcome of Internship Program which is a precondition for acquiring MBA Degree. Only curriculum activities are not enough for handling the real business environment, so it is necessary to get the better knowledge about the real scenario. The report is a requirement of the internship program for my MBA Degree. Conduction of Internship/ Dissertation started on 20th December 2009 and ended on 12th February 2010. My internship supervisorRead More Lifespan reflective paper6038 Words   |  25 Pagespaper is to present a comparison of my knowledge and understanding of lifespan development at the outset of course PSY 7210 Lifespan Development and at the courses’ end. In this paper I will explore lifespan development by identifying and discussing the stages of de velopment, theoretical perspectives and research related to lifespan development. I will conclude with discussing how my knowledge and understanding of lifespan development can be applied within my specialization of Industrial-Organizational

Corporate Social Responsibilty Broader View or Narrow View

Question: Discuss about theCorporate Social Responsibilty Broader View or Narrow View. Answer: Introduction Corporate social responsibility is the management concept according to which the companies are required to incorporate the environmental and the social concerns in to the operations of the business. Basically CSR is a business approach that helps in contributing towards the sustainable development by delivering, environmental, social and economical benefits to all the stakeholders. There are many definitions and practices of the corporate social responsibility(E., 2009). According to the various empirical researches that have been conducted in the past few decades it has been observed that the corporate social responsibility provides a good pay off for both the stakeholders and the company. There are number of reasons for which the companies require the corporate social responsibility. So the requirement of the corporate social responsibility in all the phases needs the companies to have a ethical obligation towards the various stakeholders(Alder, 2008). There has been a great influence of the organizations regarding their responsibility towards the corporate social responsibilities due to which the companies have started thinking beyond earning more and more of profits(M., 2008). According to the World Business Council For Sustainable Development CSR has been defined as a commitment by the business according to which they are required for maintaining morality, ethical environment for contributing towards the economic development so that there can be the improvement in the quality of the life of the families and workplace along with the improvement on the quality of life of the community and the society(Adams, 2001). According to the International Finance Corporation or IFC, the CSR has been defined as a business commitment for the economic development and this definition resonate with the definition of world business council of sustainable development through stating the fact that it is the responsibility of the business to work with the employees, local communities, families and the society in such a manner that everything is done for the benefit for the business on long term basis(Bartlett, 2003). The Corporate social responsibility gained much of popularity in the 1960s and after that CSR has been considered as a important part of the company and with the passage of years there have been lots of responsibilities comprised within its definitions that includes moral and legal responsibilities. There are basically two distinct views of corporate social responsibility that are the narrow view and the broad view of corporate social responsibility. The Broad and Narrow View of Corporate Social Responsibility One of the most disputed issues during this time in the companies is the corporate social responsibility. There are two extreme view of corporate social responsibility in the business, that is the narrow view and the broad view(Bowie, 2002). If we look from one angle that is the classical view, it is seen that according to the classical view, it is said that the business organizations are the economic organizations that have the sole motive of earning more and more profit and there is only one responsibility that they have towards the society and it is that they shall provide the goods and services that are necessary to the society in the exchange of providing the maximum profits to their shareholders. This classical view was very much supported by Noble prize winner and economist Milton Friedman. According to him it is the sole responsibility of the business and the company to carry out the operations of the business in such a manner that its satisfy the interests of the shareholder s and these interests of the shareholders coincides with the maximum profits of the company(Chun, 2005). While on the other hand there is social economic view about CSR according to which it is said all the business companies are the part of the society and therefore it has the responsibility towards the society in which it operates, there responsibility cannot be restricted to the maximization of the profits(Collins, 2005). The various supporters of the view said that after looking in to the financial aspect of the business organizations, the companies will be automatically benefited if they are responsible towards the society(Amao, 2011). There have been a great scrutiny of both the view of the corporate social responsibility and both the views have been argued extensively as this arena is becoming something very essential for the society as a whole. As the passage of time the narrow view of the corporate social responsibility is getting fade and the socio economic view or the broader view of the corporate social responsibility is getting much momentum(Crane, 2007). On the international front as well there are many business houses who are adopting the corporate social responsibility along with the economic interests. As explained in the above discussion the narrow view suggests that then main objective of the business is earning and maximizing profits. There are many scholars who support different views and argue on the narrow and the broad view of the CSR. As for example it has been stated by Levitt that there are basically two responsibilities of the business(Urip, 2010). One responsibility is the compliance with the basic standards of the business however the second is the profit maximization. According to Friedman it has been argued that the business should concentrate on the profit maximization and not the social well being of the company. It is further argued by the business that the business corporations are the artificial persons and hence they have artificial responsibilities. Business are the artificial organizations and have the main responsibility is on the proprietors and the executives who are the main people liable for the same(K., 2008). It is further stated by the narrow view of the corporate social responsibility that it is the responsibility of the company for making money; hence the companies have the responsibilities and goals for making the money. It is also stated by Friedman that there are certain amount of social responsibilities for the various executives for making money and maximizing the profits. The social responsibilities of the company include spending the money of the shareholders for the general interests for the way of tax owners like the tax community causes(S., 2014). Further, it is argued by Friedman that the main responsibility of the business organization is indulging itself in the various activities that helps in increasing the profits and that include the various profit maximization schemes that should be according to various laws that shall be made by the business in an free and open competitive market without deceptions and fraudulences(S. S. , 2007). When there is no use of force than the profit maximization cannot be considered wrong. However there are various instances in the business of the force due to which the markets and the businesses get wrong impression. On the contrary the broader view of the corporate social responsibility states that other than gaining the objective of the profit maximization there are other various responsibilities of the business towards the society and the community where the businesses operate and address the negative consequences of the business on the community and the society(S. H. , 2009). There are different rules related to the corporate social responsibility for the companies and they depend on various factors. The distribution of the profit that is earned by the company needs to be decided in an exclusive manner. For this various values are imposed through the analyses of the various factors that might affect the profits of the company. For this various strategy plans are prepared from time to time so that better benefits could be provided to the society and the clients of the company. In this sense the broad view relates to the various market trends whose regulations are not dependent on the federal a uthorities. The change that needs to be implemented in the business always keeps on revolving around the various trends that are positive in nature. In the broader view of the CSR the social trends through which the society and the community could be benefited are considered are important for providing various benefits to the system. So, here it becomes imperative for the leaders to develop the various stages that are important for the implementation of the different changes that are important for the business. While, on the other hand in the narrow view, the various benefits are associated with the particular aspects or the organization only. These are the most important factors that the companies often consider. If the company does not take proper steps in regards to this than it might be possible that the company may not be able to reap the expected benefits that are associated. For this proper measures are taken so that the negative impacts can be lowered in the various decisions of the organization. Accepting the Broader View There are number of supporters for both the broader and the narrow views of the corporate social responsibility. However, there are more benefits in the favor of the broader view due to the association of the various reasons associated with this view. There are various arguments that are presented from time to time to support the narrow view of the corporate social responsibility. The first argument that is based in the favor of this view is the Adam Smiths invisible hand argument. According to this argument it is the responsibility of the organizations for the promotion of the self interests and during the stage the organizations would be guided by the invisible hand for doing the social good. On the other hand if the companies are forced to follow the CSR then they might not be able to meet the needs that are of materialistic nature(L, 2009). However, it becomes worth noting that this view is very old and it does not exists in the real times. In the present times the corporations are more powerful as compared to the government. The second argument supporting the narrow view is that it is the responsibility of the government for the regulation of activities of the organizations and looking that they are ethically correct. It is very important here to be mentioned that the government alone cannot regulate the ethically correct and unethical behaviors of the organizations(P., 2009). Further, it is quite of impossible for the government to predict the probable behaviors of the companies. The third argument here is that the organizations alone cannot be trusted for the good or the well being of the society or the community as the companies does not have probable expertise and knowledge. Also there are many organizations who are of private nature and are also capable of looking in to the well being of the community and the society. Another argument is that there are many corporate executives those who do not possess the social and the moral capabilities for taking the decisions for the social welfare of the society. It is worth noting that there is no person who is born perfect with all the capabilities. People are able to learn along with their responsibilities and work. The company shall never lack behin d in case of the corporate social responsibility. Finally, it has also been argued that if people are given the responsibility of corporate social responsibility than they would convert the society in to materialistic and commercial place. If we move towards the broader view, we would observe that number of contentions is there in support of the corporate social responsibility and its adoption as broader view. Firstly, there are many duties of the organizations towards the stakeholders, customers, employees, environment and suppliers. Secondly, there is a very well known saying that there are greater responsibilities along with great powers. Business organizations have number of responsibilities towards the society that are very much influential. Thirdly, the organizations have a universal social contract with the society. According to this contract the society is responsible for making the various rules, regulations and responsibilities under which the organizations are required to operate. Therefore if the society is concentrating on the environment and its sustainability than the organization shall also abide by the various norms created by the society(Crowther D, 2008). CSR and Ethics There is a lot of difference between the narrow and broad view of CSR which can be very well explained through the ethical theory and its application. According to the stakeholders theory there are many individuals who are affected by the actions, policies and procedures of the organization. But there are many stakeholders who have some specific legal rights. As for example, in the case of large organizations there are primary as well as secondary stakeholders. Under these conditions there are no legal rights with the environmental group. I would recommend the broader view of CSR , because if the narrow view will be used than many of the rights of the stakeholders will be ignored. In the past the corporations have normally been criticized for affecting the environment adversely and wasting the natural resources. Recommendations It is required that all the organizations shall abide to the various guidelines for a concrete CSR so that there is a transformation of the large organizations in to productive corporations that can affect the companies in a positive manner. There are many policies laid down by the CSR guidelines according to which the organizations are expected to give away some of their success and wealth to the society so that they could support the society. Secondly, it is very well known fact that the primary source of wealth is the natural environment and it is being abused by the humans. The organizations those who take the CSR seriously would understand there responsibilities towards the society and that they are not here to damage the society. It is recommended that all the organizations shall always remunerate their employees for the work so that the organizations can be successful in the near future. There shall be equal pensions, benefits, plans and salaries given to the employees. There shall be reasonable products and services provided to the employees. Conclusion At last it can be concluded that CSR is the duty of the organizations and that should be performed by the organizations in an effective manner. Generally, there should not be any kind of influence or force on the organizations for performing such duties. But, there are some social media, government, and the advocacy groups that force the organizations to perform the CSR. It is very much evident from the above discussion that an active CSR is very useful for the organization and the society. Hence it is required that the CSR is considered to be the basic values and concepts of the business and by following the path of active CSR the companies could shift away from the exploitations of the society. The CSR concept can further help in making the organizations responsible without the adding of any kind of pressure on the authorities. Bibliography Adams, J. T. (2001). Codes of Ethics as Signals for Ethical Behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, , 199-211. Alder, G. S. (2008). mployee Reactions to Internet Monitoring: The Moderating Role of Ethical Orientation. Journal of Business Ethics, , 481-498. Amao, O. (2011). Corporate Social Responsibility, Human Rights and the Law: Multinational Corporations in Developing Countries. New York: Taylor Francis. Bartlett, D. (2003). Management and Business Ethics: A Critique and Integration of Ethical Decision-Making Models. . British Journal of Management, , 223-235. Bowie, N. (2002). Kantian Approach to business Ethics. . A Companion to Business Ethics, Blackwell, . Chun, R. (2005). Ethical Character and Virtue of Organizations: An Empirical Assessment and Strategic Implications. Journal of Business Ethics, , 269-284. Collins, H. a.-B. (2005). Discriminating Ethics. Human Relations. UK. Crane, A. . (2007). Business Ethics. UK: Oxford University Press. Crowther D, C. N. (2008). The Ashgate research companion to corporate social responsibility. England: Ashgate 2008. E., S. (2009, 10 29). Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Governance. Economic Affairs , pp. 5-10. K., D. (2008). Corporate social responsibility, new activism and public relations. Social Responsibility Journal , 104-119. L, Z. (2009). Corporate social responsibility, corporate restructuring and firm's performance. Berlin: Springer Publications. M., A. (2008, 10 5). Social Responsibility Journal . Special issue on Corporate social responsibility in transitional economies , pp. 10-15. P., S. (2009). The business case for corporate social responsibility. Heidelberg:: Physica-Verlag 2009. S., A. (2014). Corporate social responsibility and stock market actors: a comprehensive study. Social Responsibility Journal , 210-225. S., H. (2009). Corporate social responsibility. Detroit,: Greenhaven Press 2009. S., S. (2007). Corporate Social Responsibility and the Fetter of Profitability. . Social Responsibility Journal , 31-39. Urip, S. (2010). CSR Strategies: Corporate Social Responsibility for a Competitive Edge in Emerging Markets. New York: John Wiley and Sons.